Clinicians should be prompted to assess respiratory function when assessing individuals with mal-posture. Poorpostureforces you to overwork the muscles in your neck and back. 6, pp. 2. Stand with the upper back against the wall, with the feet shoulder-width apart. Doing so causes your jaw to jut forward and creates a sharp crease in the back of your neck where there should instead be a straight line extending from the back of your head to the middle of your upper back. Most people place it so theyre looking downward, but this greatly increases neck strain, notes Dr. Bang. Occupational posture: forward or backward leaning of head for long durations, slouched or relaxed sitting, faulty sitting posture while using computer or screen. Swayback, also called lordosis or hyperlordosis, is when your hips and pelvis tilt forward, in front of your bodys midline. 1, pp. In order to see what's in front of yousay, your computer screen or the view out of the front windshieldyou need to lift your head. 539548, 1997. WebWhen forward head posture causes muscle pain, it typically feels like one or more of the following: General soreness. This 4 minutes video is a brief summary of FHP. Forward head posture or dowagers hump occurs when the anterior scalenes are hard, tight, and short, pulling the lower cervical vertebra forward into a rigidly flexed position. You have 60 to 70 muscles in your neck, head, and face area. Chest stretches: 5 chest stretch variations. 26, no. Mean and standard deviations were used to summarize the data. Physiopedia articles are best used to find the original sources of information (see the references list at the bottom of the article). Without moving your feet, lean your torso toward the wall until you feel a gentle stretch across the entire front of your chest. International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health. Hold for five seconds, then release. Additionally, it is advisable for a person to avoid cradling their phone between their ear and neck. I give my consent to Physiopedia to be in touch with me via email using the information I have provided in this form for the purpose of news, updates and marketing. Flatback syndrome may make it hard for you to stand up without pain in your thighs and pelvic area. But even when youre stuck at your desk, you canvary your motion. Forward head posture or dowagers hump occurs when the anterior scalenes are hard, tight, and short, pulling the lower cervical vertebra forward into a rigidly flexed position. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of assumed forward head posture and torticollis on the diaphragm muscle strength. Kisner C, Colby LA. As you stretch your middle scalene, looking up over the shoulder towards the opposite direction can stretch your anterior scalene. If you're prone to neck pain, if you've injured your neck, shoulders, or back, or if you have a condition such as arthritis, check with your healthcare provider or a physical therapist before doing these (or any) exercises for the first time. With the increased use of hand held devices, everyone is prone to poor sitting postures like forward head posture. Pain and fatigue can increase the longer you keep standing. Alternative treatments and movement systems such as Feldenkrais, the Alexander Technique, and somatics may help loosen tight scalene muscles. A doctor can help check for underlying conditions and recommend most suitable treatment. 2016;28(3):951-955. doi:10.1589/jpts.28.951, Sihawong R, Janwantanakul P, Sitthipornvorakul E, Pensri P. Exercise therapy for office workers with nonspecific neck pain: a systematic review. Furthermore, musculoskeletal problems of the shoulder, neck, and back can cause twisting of the neck to one side known as torticollis [10, 11]. Changing your daily routine can help you feel better quickly. Do this for about 5 minutes, and be sure to massage both sides. 1173185, Koseki T, Kakizaki F, Hayashi S, Nishida N, Itoh M. Effec. Policy. It can also develop due to trauma or drugs.. (2019). If you have a standing desk, you still need to move. Anne Asher, ACE-certified personal trainer, health coach, and orthopedic exercise specialist, is a back and neck pain expert. The many faces of forward head posture: the importance of differential diagnosis. In our aging population, kyphosis is estimated to affect 20 to 40 percent of older men and women, and the angle of kyphosis continues to increase as you age. 1. Szczygie E, Sieradzki B, Maso A, Golec J, Czechowska D, Wglarz K, Szczygie R, Golec E. Assessing the impact of certain exercises on the spatial head posture. (2019). 19, no. Braz J Phys Ther. Think of it this way: If you went to the gym and did strenuous leg exercises five days a week, your legs would feel overworked and sore. This also causes tension on the spine. Holding the tuck, press the back of your head toward the wall behind you. They are responsible for pulling the shoulder blades toward each other and pressing the shoulders down, away from the ears. Laura Campedelli, PT, DPT, is a physical therapist with experience in hospital-based acute care and outpatient therapy with both children and adults. Discover how poor posture can lead to neck and back pain, and other health troubles, especially when you sit at a desk all day. Different postures such as forward head posture (FHP) and kyphosis have been shown to alter breathing mechanism including diaphragm mobility [37]. F. Hritier, F. Rahm, P. Pasche, and J.-W. Fitting, Sniff nasal inspiratory pressure: A noninvasive assessment of inspiratory muscle strength, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol. 248253, 2013. Park, S.-J. If you have this condition, you may need to bring your head up so you can see whats in front of you. Maintaining your posture will feel better and more natural than slouching or leaning forward. From curing headaches to building self-confidence, here are 12 ways good posture can help us. Lovitz adds that if you are experiencing health problems related to poor posture, one skill you can try is the " 20/20/20 rule ." 3, pp. According to a small 2019 study, FHP can negatively affect a persons breathing. If you have this condition, you may need to bring your head up so you can see whats in front of you. It has more than one function. These muscles are also accessory muscles of respiration, which are used in addition to the diaphragm [29]. 2004-2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. Strengthening exercises for scapular retractors (Rhomboids, middle Trapezius). When you sit at your desk to work, hold your shoulders and arms at a 90-degree angle. It often comes from hunching over a cell phone or computer, or your steering wheel if you drive a lot. (2019). Can forward head posture cause throat problems? Hold for five seconds, then release. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. 17, no. Lonner BS. Learn more here. Can forward head posture cause throat problems? Sometimes torticollis occurs due to genetic factors that affect the nervous system. P. W. Hodges, J. E. Butler, D. K. McKenzie, and S. C. Gandevia, Contraction of the human diaphragm during rapid postural adjustments, The Journal of Physiology, vol. 2011. p501-37. Try to touch your shoulder blades with your fingers, keeping in mind you'll only be able to reach the outside border. nhs.uk/live-well/exercise/common-posture-mistakes-and-fixes/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5889545/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5551003/, bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12891-019-2438-y, orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/introduction-to-scoliosis/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2907357/, orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/kyphosis-roundback-of-the-spine/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6348172/, spineuniverse.com/conditions/spinal-disorders/faqs-about-flatback-syndrome, acatoday.org/content/posture-power-how-to-correct-your-body-alignment, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5659804/, Want to Kick Your Slouching Habit? All rights reserved. Try Doing Superman and 3 More Exercises, 6 Sore Throat Remedies That Actually Work. DOI: Carini F (2017). Fifth Edition. January/February 2011. However, there are limitations to the above study, as it consisted of only 15 male participants from one institution. Lane, Spinal respiratory motoneurons and interneurons, Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, vol. Being overweight or pregnant, or wearing poor quality shoes or high heels, can also lead you to develop bad posture. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. 1, pp. B. Wirth, M. Amstalden, M. Perk, U. Boutellier, and B. K. Humphreys, Respiratory dysfunction in patients with chronic neck paininfluence of thoracic spine and chest mobility, Manual Therapy, vol. 2011;34(1):62-71. doi:10.1016/j.jmpt.2010.11.005. Is the ketogenic diet right for autoimmune conditions? WebForward head posture (FHP) is a poor habitual neck posture. Salahzadeh Z, Maroufi N, Ahmadi A, Behtash H, Razmjoo A, Gohari M, Parnianpour M. Assessment of forward head posture in females: observational and photogrammetry methods. It can be affected by various factors, including age, lifestyle, disease, and change in posture, that can interfere with its normal functioning [1, 2]. 4, pp. Ethical approval in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration was obtained from Rehabilitation Research Review Board, King Saud University (Ref. Gevenois, and A. The relationship between forward head posture and neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. It is often unnoticed at early stages until symptoms appear. A 2017 study comparing targeted exercise to workstation modification for reducing office-related neck, shoulder, and back pain found exercise was the more effective approach. All the subjects were informed about the purpose and nature of this study and their informed consent was obtained before participation. A sample of 15 healthy males, aged 18-35 years, was recruited for this study. It's best to perform them in one quick session (although you can do cervical retraction throughout the day as well). But for every inch you tilt it forward, the amount of weight it places on your spine nearly doubles, Dr. Bang says. 20, no. WebWhen the sleeping posture involves a forward flexed neck it restricts the normal function of the airways. KSU/RRC/72). Effects of forward head posture on static and dynamic balance control. Your lower back looks straight and you stoop forward. Alteration of head and neck positions had an immediate negative impact on respiratory function. This was repeated at least five times or until subject could not score more than 10 cm H2O, and the maximum value was chosen for analyses [14]. In turn, tongue pressure may be reduced, limiting the patients ability to move the bolus into the oropharynx, pharynx, and esophagus. 521524, 1986. Similar postures are usually seen in elderly as a result of normal aging process and related to neck disorders [9]. A small 2019 study of healthy college students found that a forward head posture decreases the lower thorax (mid-spine) mobility, leading to decreased respiratory function. Stand up straight. J Man Manip Ther. Push your head forward until you feel the stretch through your throat. They may diagnose an underlying condition that can be treated, such as osteoporosis or arthritis. With a forward head posture, the distance between the tongue base and posterior wall is increased. If your body is in alignment, your ears and shoulders will be lined up with your vertical midline. As you stretch your middle scalene, looking down with your head turned towards the same side can help you stretch your posterior scalene. Association between forward head, rounded shoulders, and increased thoracic kyphosis: A review of the literature. During upright sitting, SNIP was measured using MicroRPM device (MicroRPM, Micro Medical, Ltd., Kent, UK) [13]. Yoo WG. 3, pp. The United Kingdoms National Health Service (NHS) provide the following instructions: If a person sits at a desk for long periods of time, they should focus on maintaining proper posture. Change the position in which you look at your cell phone. 456466, 1999. Three other problems linked to poor posture may surprise you. R. T. Okuro, Mouth breathing and forward head posture: effects on respiratory biomechanics and exercise capacity in children, Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, vol. Its easy to develop a habit of bad posture without thinking about it. Like all scalene muscles, it is considered a side neck muscle. The forward head posture can be a cause of cervical dysstructure or a broken neck structure. What is the consequence of a Forward Head Posture? Although usually considered cervical flexors (they bend the neck forward), once the neck is extended in this way the scalenes can become cervical extensors (they are used to bend the neck backward). When a person maintains good posture, their head aligns vertically with the spine. Take steps to improve yourposturenow youll be glad you did later on. Bring both hands behind your head, lifting your elbows to bring your upper arms parallel to the floors. In this condition, the weight of the head places increased pressure on the neck and cervical spine, forcing the body out of balance. All this shifting of the body causes strains, stress and ultimately pain for numerous parts of your body. Can forward head posture cause throat problems? The forward head posture can be a cause of cervical dysstructure or a broken neck structure. Scalenes can be affected by a whiplash injury, especially when the trauma is on the side of the neck. Sway a bit, or step forward and backward for a while, throughout the day.. Posture and posturology, anatomical and physiological profiles: Overview and current state of art. Bad posture or Forward Head Posture can also cause changes in the mood, pulse, blood pressure and lung capacity. The scalene triangle is important because the brachial plexus nerve complex branches pass through it. Walking may also be difficult, giving you leg pain and a feeling of weakness. 2018 Dec;9(6):309. We avoid using tertiary references. Hold the stretch for a few seconds, relax, and repeat. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Working with the scalenes. In a neutral posture, your head weighs 10 to 12 pounds. When they are rigidly tight in the forward head position, the scalenes can't counterbalance tension in the back of the neck. Effects of stretching exercise training and ergonomic modifications on musculoskeletal discomforts of office workers: a randomized controlled trial. This is the first study exploring the impact of different head and neck positions on respiratory function. But youll still need to be diligent about maintaining a goodposture. Push your head forward until you feel the stretch through your throat. 3, pp. Cervical exercise: the backbone of spine spine treatment. Over time, this misalignment can lead to a number of issues: 2 Hyperextension of the cervical spine Contraction at the front of the chest 29, no. Your body loves variety, so dont allow your muscles to get too fatigued, he says. B Bradley Corrective Exercise for Forward Head Posture and Upper Crossed Syndrome Available from: Fathollahnejad K, Letafatkar A, Hadadnezhad M. Hilla Sarig Bahat, Andrei Levy & Tomer Yona (2022) The association between forward head posture and non-specific neck pain: A cross-sectional study, Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2022.2044420. A. Oldham, and N. Strimpakos, Respiratory dysfunction in chronic neck pain patients. In one study, just four weeks of strengthening and shoulder stabilization exercises improved pain, discomfort, and quality of life in participants who trained for 30 minutes a day, three times a week. Scalene tension may compress these branches, and that may be a sign of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS).. The SNIP score of the subjects during upright sitting was 93(26) cmH2O (Table 2). Other faulty postures like pelvic and lumber spine posture. WebWhen the sleeping posture involves a forward flexed neck it restricts the normal function of the airways. Therapeutic Exercises. The scalenes are made up of three pairs of muscles, with one set located on either side of your body. 2, pp. This means ensuring that the ears are in line with the shoulders. The consequences of chronic forward head posture can be significant. The effect of manual therapy and stabilizing exercises on forward head and rounded shoulder postures: a six-week intervention with a one-month follow-up study. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Cervical means "neck" and retraction means "to bring back." Tips to Treat and Prevent Shoulder Bursitis. Poor posture can lead to postural kyphosis. The anterior scalene also lifts the first rib, but thats a pretty subtle action that you might not be aware of while its happening. These moves can be beneficial, but you'll need to know how to avoid exacerbating an existing problem. The participants of a 2012 study worked with computers for over 6 hours per day. All this shifting of the body causes strains, stress and ultimately pain for numerous parts of your body. Incontinence. Here are four common types of poor posture and what you can do to correct or compensate for them. (2018). Learn more, Upper crossed syndrome refers to an overlapping configuration of overactive and underactive muscle groups. 505, no. He recommends the followingtypes of exercise to strengthen musclesto improve yourposture: If you think badpostureis causing your neck, shoulder or back pain, talk to your doctor about additional tips or therapies you can try to ease your symptoms. doi:10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.6.04, Koseki T, Kakizaki F, Hayashi S, Nishida N, Itoh M. Effect of forward head posture on thoracic shape and respiratory function. Clinical assessment of FHP is done through observation of the position of the head relative to the reference anatomical landmarks. You can develop swayback if you sit a lot, which tightens the muscles in your back. Over timeespecially if youre combining strengthening and stretching into your routineyou eventually wont have to think about it. Axial Spondyloarthritis Exercises for Pain Management, Improving Posture With Ankylosing Spondylitis, At-Home Exercises and Physical Therapy for Calcific Tendonitis, Tilted Pelvis: Symptoms, Treatments, Causes, and Distinctions, Exercises You Should Avoid If You Have Neck Arthritis, 5 Posture Training Exercises to Reduce Pain and Sagging, Exercises for Foot and Ankle Injury Recovery, Causes of Neck Pain and Treatment Options, Neck pain in adults with forward head posture: effects of craniovertebral angle and cervical range of motion, Effect of forward head posture on thoracic shape and respiratory function, Effects of forward head posture on static and dynamic balance control, Effects of stretching exercise training and ergonomic modifications on musculoskeletal discomforts of office workers: a randomized controlled trial, Cervical exercise: the backbone of spine spine treatment, Effects of pulling direction on upper trapezius and rhomboid muscle activity, Chest stretches: 5 chest stretch variations, Effects of scapular stabilization exercise on neck posture and muscle activation in individuals with neck pain and forward head posture, Exercise therapy for office workers with nonspecific neck pain: a systematic review, Nerve issues in the arms and hands (pins and needles, numbness), Tension neck syndrome (neck, shoulder, and joint pain, stiffness, and decreased range of motion, Reduced respiratory function and efficiency. 8186, 1990. Last medically reviewed on February 27, 2021, Many exercises can help improve posture, including bridges, planks, and other yoga poses. Subjects seated normally with back fully supported and arms resting on thighs, a proper probe was inserted in one of the nostrils, and subjects were asked to take a sharp and quick sniff from functional residual capacity (FRC). A physical therapist can help you develop a routine of stretches and exercises for strengthening the muscle groups that will help you stand or sit properly. The posterior scalene muscle is considered an accessory breathing muscle because it lifts the second rib during inhalation. Do 20 to 30 reps at once. A. Legrand, E. Schneider, P.-A. D. R. Gore, S. B. Sepic, and G. M. Gardner, Roentgenographic findings of the cervical spine in asymptomatic people, The Spine Journal, vol. Poor posture maintained for long durations. 10461049, 2016. Flatback can make it painful for you to stand for long periods. Individuals with FHP showed reduced diaphragmatic strength as a result of its reduced activity [20]. A chiropractor offers guidance and simple exercises. Different postures such as forward head posture (FHP) and kyphosis have been shown to alter breathing mechanism including diaphragm mobility [37]. 3, pp. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved. 374-375, 1996. 3, no. Forward head posture (FHP) occurs when a person is leaning their head forward, out of neutral alignment with their spine. Instead of high heels, opt for flats, wedges, or other more supportive footwear. Alteration of head and neck positions can have an immediate negative impact on respiratory function. 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. F. Lin, S. Parthasarathy, S. J. Taylor, D. Pucci, R. W. Hendrix, and M. Makhsous, Effect of different sitting postures on lung capacity, expiratory flow, and lumbar lordosis, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. Try These 8 Strategies, Daniel Bubnis, M.S., NASM-CPT, NASE Level II-CSS, 6 Chiropractor-Approved Exercises to Fight Text Neck. To compensate for your upper body shift, your hips tilt forward. Back decompression can help relieve some types of back pain. Studies have reported that symptoms including neck pain, headache, temporomandibular pain, and musculoskeletal disorders are related to FHP, FHP greatly influences respiratory function by weakening the respiratory muscles. However, any activity that causes a person to lean their head forward for a prolonged period of time can lead to chronic FHP. (2017). J. Han, S. Park, Y. Kim, Y. Choi, and H. Lyu, Effects of forward head posture on forced vital capacity and respiratory muscles activity, Journal of Physical Therapy Science, vol. Inhale and then, as you exhale, pull your abdominal muscles toward your spine to stabilize your lower back. These positions can interfere with the breathing mechanism and alter the diaphragm mobility [7, 12]. Policy. 7, pp. 98104, 2012. t of forward head posture on thoracic shape and respiratory function, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed_reviews&uid=30774207&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pmc, https://www.centralcityphysio.com.au/forward-head-posture/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JA3O0NVb-sk. Dysfunction would cause brain drainage problems and high blood pressure problems. That is usually the journal article where the information was first stated. The researchers indicate that the findings may help provide guidance on preventing or correcting FHP in the future. This is a list of the main symptoms associated with this postural issue: Symptoms: Neck Pain at base of the Skull Headaches and Dizziness Cervical Radiculopathy Ineffective breathing technique Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) issues Impaired balance Forward Head Posture Exercises In this condition, the weight of the head places increased pressure on the neck and cervical spine, forcing the body out of balance. There was no significant difference between the SNIP score in FHP and torticollis position (p>0.05) (Table 2). This is an open access article distributed under the. 2016;28(1):274-277. doi:10.1589/jpts.28.274, Shariat A, Cleland JA, Danaee M, Kargarfard M, Sangelaji B, Tamrin SBM. With temporomandibular joint symptoms, the muscles of mastication may have increased tension (Pterygoid, Masseter, temporalis muscles). What is the consequence of a Forward Head Posture? Younger persons may develop kyphosis as a result of diseases such as polio or Scheuermanns disease, infection, or chemotherapy or radiation to treat cancer. Defined by hyperextension of the upper cervical vertebrae and forward translation of the cervical vertebrae. Hansraj KK. Plus youll. This is supported by work of Hodges and colleagues who reported that the diaphragm mobility is altered by posture movements [7]. Stretching Exercises of tight structures- Trapezius, Scalenes, SCM, Pectoralis Major and Minor. Forward Head Posture can cause serious health problems if left untreated. The study found that the head weighs about 1014 pounds (lb) in a neutral spine position but increases in weight as it leans forward: According to a U.S. National Library of Medicine clinical trial design, the muscles that FHP weakens and lengthens include: The muscles that become shortened and overactive include: With exercise and stretching, a person can reverse FHP and hold their head in a neutral position, in alignment with the spine. T. M. Nemmers, J. W. Miller, and M. D. Hartman, Variability of the forward head posture in healthy community-dwelling older women, Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, vol. Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Manual therapy and stabilizing exercises on forward head and rounded shoulder postures: A six-week intervention with a one-month follow-up study. M. Appel, A. Childs, E. Healey, S. Markowitz, S. Wong, and J. Mead, Effect of posture on vital capacity, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol. The posterior (back) scalene occupies the farthest back position of all the scalene muscle branches. This is the first study exploring the impact of different head and neck positions on respiratory function. Kyphosis affects mobility and mortality in older people. Forward head posture (FHP) occurs when a person is leaning their head forward, out of neutral alignment with their spine. WebWhen the sleeping posture involves a forward flexed neck it restricts the normal function of the airways. If you have access to a standing desk at your office, thats a comforting option. Kim DH, Kim CJ, Son SM. The National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) define FHP as holding the head out, in front of its natural position over the cervical spine. 10, no. J Phys Ther Sci. A small 2019 study of healthy college students found that a forward head posture decreases the lower thorax (mid-spine) mobility, leading to decreased respiratory function. 11, no. (2019). Regularly stretch the back of your neck. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. 1, pp. Some of the types of problems associated with FHP are: Many people develop chronic or recurrent problems because they receive treatment for the pain (e.g. Lower cross syndrome occurs when there is an imbalance in the strength of the muscles around the pelvis. In this article, we look at healthy posture when standing, People can improve their posture by practicing certain exercises and making some lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a healthful weight. It can be affected by various factors, including age, lifestyle, disease, and change in posture, that can interfere with its normal functioning [1, 2]. According to a 2014 study, the forward position of the head puts increasing amounts of weight pressure on the spine. When both posterior scalenes contract, they cause the neck to flex and raise the secondrib, an action that may be difficult to detect when its happening. This causes the soft tissues of the throat to be tightened, restricting the ability for air to pass. Here are four common types of poor posture. Not limited to this, altered diaphragm function leads to core muscles instability, which will further lead to other systemic and musculoskeletal disorders including spinal instability [23, 24]. This indicates the huge impact the head position can have on physio-mechanical function of the respiratory system. Due to the increased compressive forces through the neck joints and increased muscle tension, pain is the common outcome. In present study, we found that alteration of the head-neck position had an immediate effect on respiratory function characterized by reduced diaphragm strength. There is newly evidance that there is no relation between FHP and neck pain, additionally individual with neck pain had lower ROM and slower neck movement. Text neck tightens muscles and their supporting ligaments and tendons in the front of your neck, and at the same time lengthens the muscle structure at the back of your neck. Can lead to a painful shortening of the muscles of the back of the neck, as well as compression of the cervical vertebraethe uppermost portion of the spine that supports the head and protects the spinal cord. With a forward head posture, the distance between the tongue base and posterior wall is increased. If youre a serial sloucher, you can probably trace your neck andshoulder pain, stiffness and aching back right back to yourposture. When the shoulders slump forward, these muscles squeeze together and tighten up, so it's important to try to loosen them from that position.
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