which of the following statements is true about correctional officers?which of the following statements is true about correctional officers?

[9] The transmission of HBV within prisons could be reduced by immunizing all HBV-non-immune inmates with hepatitis B vaccine. By law, antiretroviral therapy must be available to all inmates who have HIV. If the defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt it is called? Automatically remove your image background. [26]Althoughthe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended in 2006 that correctional facilities perform routine opt-out HIV testing, the HIV testing practices and policies in correctional setting continue to vary from state to state. Upon The numbers for each year represent a sample taken at one point in time. Early release after a time period specified and set by law is called ____________. The other major goal of probation and parole . [11,42] Several studies evaluating the impact of directly observed antiretroviral therapy in prisons have found that directly observed antiretroviral therapy does not necessarily lead to better medication adherence than self-administration. As a rule, prison inmates are prohibited from practicing either conventional or unconventional religions in prison. When the court has two separate hearings for different issues in a trial, one for guilt and the other for punishment, it is called a? Most, though not all, death row inmates spend_______hours a day in their cell. b) They represent a minor percentage of staff members in a prison. [6]In the United States, from2008 through 2018, therewas an 8.6% decline in the total number of persons in prison and an 21.5% decrease in Black individuals who were in prison. __ A case that involves one person who has a dispute with another person or entity. Acorrectional agency that has the authority to grant parole is a called a ________. Which of the following statements is true about correctional officers? Which of the following is NOT one of those categories? A. The United States correctional system consists of local and tribal jails, state prisons, federal prisons, military and immigration facilities, and community correctional facilities, which includes probation and parole programs. There are many common personality types that have been identified in correctional officers. A. a type of sentence in which the offender must submit to intensive supervision in lieu of imprisonment, A. an opportunity to confront and cross-examine people who testify against them. A pass must be signed by an officer to be valid. While blacks account for 12% of the U.S. population they account for _____ of the correctional workforce. The author of On Crimes and Punishments was? [22], Many have called for a comprehensive strategy to help stop HIV transmission within the correctional system, through interventions such as voluntary counseling and testing, disease prevention education, and treatment for substance use disorders. Jails confine persons before or after . [64,65] Developing new models of prison healthcare, such as telemedicine, that can effectively deliver best-practice HIV medicine to inmates living with HIV, is crucial to ensuring the constitutionally protected right of prisoners to adequate healthcare. Values such as supportiveness, teamwork, perseverance, empathy, and caring enable officers to cope with post-traumatic stress; they are part of team of colleagues who care for their coworkers. The ___________ was influenced by progressive beliefs that education and science were vehicles for controlling crime. HIV and Corrections - Key Populations - National HIV Curriculum A. The recidivism rate in the United States is ______. Prison construction is estimated to be at______a year. Time taken off an inmate's sentence for participating in certain activities such as going to school, learning a trade and working inprison is called _____________. [9] Although the number of persons who have ever injected drugs is not routinely assessed in prison populations, a 2004 Bureau of Justice Special Report noted that 23% of persons in state prisonsand 18% of individuals in federal prisonsreported ever having used heroin/opiates. The __________ advocated a prison system which shifted the emphasis from punishing the body to reforming the mind and soul. The CDC report on HIV Testing Implementation Guidance for Correctional Settings includes recommendations on linkage to appropriate medical care upon release from custody (Table 2). Law Enforcement Misconduct - United States Department of Justice Wardens, superintendents, assistant superintendents and others charged with running the institution and its programs are called__________. Corrections Departments by State. Find state Departments of Corrections for information about state and local prisons and prisoners held in these facilities. To conduct themselves as professionals, jail staff must have all except which of the following? Assume that the Portland Trail Blazers center makes 58%58\%58% of his free-throw shots. They have considerable discretion in discharging their duties within the constraints of rules, regulations, and policies. You seem to have a popup blocker enabled. Court will convene at 9:30 a.m. The equal-protection clause under the ________ Amendment has led the Supreme Court to forbid racial discrimination and has led state courts to target gender discrimination. [48] Also, with short stays there may be inadequate time to collect a medical history, inquire about and verify current and previous medication regimens, or obtain the necessary antiretroviral medications before an individual is released. Mandatory release is similar to ________ in that persons let out under either arrangement ordinarily receive a period of community supervision. Assume the male role in a homosexual relationship. As a rule, statements including these words have less of a chance of being correct. A method the U.S. Supreme Court uses to decide prisoner's rights cases, weighing the rights claimed by inmates against the legitimate needs of prisons is called the__________? Section 6.4: Parole, Probation, and Community Sanctions week four quiz.docx - CJS 201 intro to criminal justice [41] Prisoners may have concerns about confidentiality and/or lack trust in the prison health care system; these may compromise adherence and deter inmates from acknowledging their HIV status and accessing HIV care.[41,45]. Which of the following statements is true about correctional officers? [6] From 2007 through 2018, Black individualsconsistently had higher prison incarceration rates were consistently higher among persons who are Black than those who are White(Figure 7). your answer. . [11,12,13] Available data suggest that for persons with HIV and a history of opioid dependence, receipt of opiate agonist therapy within an HIV clinic upon release from prison improves HIV treatment outcomes in the community. These officers are an underutilized resource, perhaps because of the public's misunderstanding of their role. The contents are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official views of, nor an endorsement, by HRSA, HHS, or the U.S. Government. The inmates' perception that certain correctional officers have valuable skills gives rise to ___________. They represent a minor percentage of staff members in prisons. An adult offender receives a verdict; a juvenile offender receives a? 1 Answer/Comment. In some states, if you are convicted of a felony it is grounds for an uncontested divorce. In 2014, the mean annual wage for state correctional officers was ________. This graphic illustrates the concept that many more persons in the United States move through jails over time than in prisons. The case of Cruz v. Beto established the right of prisoners to have visits. Prisoners who were sent to Australia, and then committed further felonies, were sent to __________. The parole concept has its roots in an 18th century English penal practice of __________. The most frequent penalty in the Twelve Tables was? The next day, while discussing the incident, one of the arresting officers mentioned that the prisoner had said something about "have to kill myself" while being [14,15], In the United States, the absolute number of men with HIV in state or federal prisons is consistently greater than the number of women by a ratio of more than 10 to 1, which is not surprising given the prison population is predominantly male. For persons with HIV, the community or parole officer can often play a key role in keeping an individual engaged in care. A special court that is given responsibilty to handle cases involving drug-addicted offenders is called? Am J Public Health. [18], It is important to recognize the overlap of incarceration and HIV, particularly for low-income people of color. After release drop offs occur at every step of the HIV care cascade; linkage to HIV care and programs for reentry into HIV care are very important. Cognitive Psychology Overview of Theory. The tension between prison staff members and inmates that arises out of the correctional setting is called____________. Sex Transm Dis. Treating HIV and AIDS in prison is difficult for all but one of the following reasons? Source: Iroh PA, Mayo H, Nijhawan AE. The most common cause of death among the world's prisoners is? A committment to a set of agreed-upon values aimed at the improvement of the organization while maintaining the highest standards of excellence is called? In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court hold that inmates skilled in legal matters must be permitted to assist other inmates in preparing cases unless the government provides a reasonable alternative? The power, right or authority of a court to interpret and apply the law is called? The Check-on-Learning Questions are short and topic related. The process of making the offender a productive member of the community again is called? The support received from other officers is the result of shared values within the culture. Community clinics and correctional systems need to work together to find ways to adequately meet the needs of this population upon re-entry into the community. The process, however, remains slow and difficult, primarily because the necessary funding is simply not available. Officers who control the keys and weapons and sometimes oversee visitation are called ___________. For more than 200 years, England practiced a form of criminal exile known as transportation. Approximately_________of women were under the influence of alcohol or drugs at the time of their arrest. True or False? Racism Identify the standard-setting professional associations in the field of corrections that have developed models of professionalism.The American Probation and Parole Association The American Jail Association The American Correctional Association Identify an accurate statement about education as a component of trueprofessionalism in In the United States, the average ratio of correctional officers to inmates across all states in 2012 was _____. A place where the same people work, eat, sleep and engage in recreation together day after day is called? The ability of correctional facilities to successfully provide antiretroviral treatment for inmates is variable. [20] Adequate discharge planning and linkage to community medical care upon release often fall short of practices recommended by the CDC and only 30% of individuals are retained in HIV medical care after 6 months in the community. Quiz 1.docx - Quiz 1 Corrections Corrections refers to all According to your authors, the Three-State Recidivism Study concluded? [ 1] The imprisonment rate for the United States is approximately_______per 100,000 citizens. [4] Among all persons in prisons, the state prisons account for nearly 90% of those in prison and the majority are males (Figure 6). In which of the following years did the first female correctional officer begin work at a high-security institution? emdjay23. Quiz Fall 8-Criminal Justice - Core Introductory - Quizgoat All of these infection control strategies would also provide an opportunity to address prevention of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is important given that as many as 41% of inmates have chronic HCV. There are fewer women working as correctional officers than there are working as police officers. After the American Revolution, England sent its prisoners to Scotland. [9,22,23] A large meta-analysis estimated the incidence of transmission of viral infections within prisons and found rates of 0.08 per 100 person-years with HIV. PDF Home Probation and Parole Officers and Discretionary Decision-Making [69,70] Adherence counseling is particularly important, as studies have demonstrated that adherence to antiretroviral therapy is low in persons who have experienced multiple incarcerations. At the end of 2012, about ________ percent of the security staff in state correctional agencies were white. Q. A crime which is a violation of a local ordinance and is punishable by only a fine is called an? Alternatively, send information to the community provider after obtaining written consent for release ofinformation from the inmate. Unions usually put the goals of the institution above the needs of individual officers. These include untreated mental illness, medication side effects, lack of trust in the medical provider or in the benefit of taking antiretroviral medications, and social isolation. The religious group________sometimes burned witches and unruly slaves; made wide use of the stocks, the pillory and ducking stool; branded criminal offenders; and forced women convicted of adultery to wear "scarlet letters". C. [41] Fear of interpersonal violence, stigma, and lack of safety and privacy were cited as key reasons for HIV non-disclosure. A contract process that shifts public functions, responsibilties, and capital assets, in whole or in part, from the public sector to the private sector is called? [26,30] Release from prison has been associated with increases in HIV RNA levels and decreased CD4 counts, which reflect some of the challenges with engaging in medical care and adhering to antiretroviral therapy while trying to reintegrate into society. The term ________ is defined as the reduction of the original sentence given by executive authority, usually a state's governor. It also been observed that the functions have only one asymptote. How can one compensate for the effects of price instability when constructing cost estimates using high-low or regression techniques? Develop a list of medical providers in the community to which the inmates will be returning. What is defined as the return to illegal activity after release from incarceration? This is called__________. poor, a high school dropout, unmarried, with children. Captain Maconochie would have preferred an _________ sentencing model. [29,30] Jails, prisons, and community corrections are important settings in which to test individuals for HIV, especially given that many persons involved with the criminal justice system may be hard to reach with routine community-based testing and incarcerated populations have a higher HIV prevalence than the general population. A. Prisonization is the process by which new inmates learn about the prison subculture. These data are for persons 18 years of age and older. a) They have considerable discretion in discharing their duties within the constraints of rules, regulations, and policies. Flashcards - Corrections - FreezingBlue The HIV care cascade model has been applied to the correctional system in order to identify disparities and improve performance at every stage along the HIV care continuum, from HIV diagnosis to linkage and retention in care to antiretroviral therapy and virologic suppression (Figure 15). Everyone is entitled to equal medical treatment without regard to status. Because of limited access to HIV specialists, some prison systems have attempted to cohort persons with HIV in one or two facilities that have the easiest access to the specialists they needed. Assume as in parts (a), (b), and ( c) that two shots will be awarded. b. A police force with integrity is one with little or no misconduct or corruption. Source: World Prison Brief: Highest to LowestPrison Population Total. The Panopticon was designed to allow prison staff to observe inside each______. When a juvenile court transfers jurisdiction of a case to an adult court it is called a? Branding has been in use as a punishment since at least Roman times. Court litigation is a very slow, expensive, and piecemeal way to reform prisons. A writ issued by an appellate court to obtain from a lower court the record of its proceeding in a particular case is called a? [2], In 2018, the United States had the highest prison population rate (prisoners per 100,000 population) in the world and the total prison population in the United States was higher than any other country(Figure 3). Depending on the nature of the complaint, investigations can be criminal (if the officer broke the law or violated an individual's rights), administrative (if the officer violated department policy), or both. They are meant to help you stay on track throughout each lesson and check your understanding of key concepts. [26,68] Multiple potential interventions can improve linkage to care, including HIV education during incarceration, careful discharge planning, securing stable housing, availability of transportation, employment opportunities, and care for substance use and mental health disorders. Assist the inmate with scheduling an appointment with the community care provider. [26] Fewer than 30% of persons with HIV in the United States who enter the correctional system do so with an undetectable HIV RNA level. The functions are and. [21], Although consensual sex, rape, tattooing, and injection drug use occur within the correctional setting, available data suggest that most persons with HIV who are incarceratedacquired HIV prior to entering prison or, for those with multiple incarcerations, between periods of incarceration. Adult offenders have trials; juvenile offenders have? Majors, captains and correctional officers charged with maintaining order and security are called_____________. Corrections Departments by State | USAGov The use of___________in corrections and public policy is now considered the gold standard for policy and program development. Correctional Officer Duties & Responsibilites | CorrectionalOfficer.org Totality-of-conditions rulings have been handed down against prison systems in three states. A person who is conditionally released from prison to community supervision is referred to as a ____________. They always seek the easy path and they plot to win the cushiest jobs. At the end of 2012, about ________ percent of the security staff in state correctional agencies were male. In addition, this process is stigmatizing to the inmates with HIV and the cohorting process likely identifies them as a person with HIV. Many states have resource manuals listing HIV care providers. [7] Epidemiologic surveys indicate the prevalence of HIV in 2015 was approximately 1.3% among inmates in correctional facilities, which is markedly higher than the 0.3 to 0.4% HIV prevalence in the general United States population. D. Some officers adopt a human-services orientation toward their work. Some correctional systems have arranged partnerships to allow processing of Social Security Administration (SSA) and Medicare applications before release, as recommended by the SSA and the Centers for Medicare and Medical Services. order, punishment, security, or rehabilitation. In the case of In re Gault, Gerald Gault was charged with? Officers enforce regulations through effective communication and the use of progressive sanctions, which involve punishments, such as loss of privileges. Psychology - The Biological Perspective, Communication - Writing Negative Messages Quiz level 3, Pre Exam Quiz 5; Human Development and Family Studies, Quiz Preview 10/ Psychology - Principles of Social Psychology, Quiz Facts 7' Psychology - Cognitive Functioning, Quiz Lot 2. Show transcribed image text. Inmates should mind their own affairs and do their own time., Inmates should not inform the prison staff about the illicit activities of other prisoners., Inmates should be indifferent to the prison staff and loyal to other convicts., or Inmates should follow the prison rules and not cause trouble. Which of the following statements is true about correctional officers? having to admit more inmates than there is available space. The correctional officer that believes that close association with inmates will make it easier to control the inmates is called a ___________. Prisons have long had the right to provide only the minimal conditions necessary for human survival. [7] An opt-in HIV testing approach is when the prisoner requests the test or the test is offered and performed only if the prisoner consents to the test. Robert-Francois Damiens was sentenced to be quartered publicly in Paris for attempting to kill? Over 5 percent of women are pregnant at the time of incarceration. [20] The immediate clinical management issues that should be addressed include HIV prevention counseling, referral for mental health treatment if needed, initial evaluation and staging of HIV, and referral for HIV treatment (Table 1). [19] Incarcerated Black men are at least twice as likely as incarcerated White men to have HIV. The privacy of the individual inmate should be protected to the greatest extent possible, which typically means that medical interviews of inmates should be conducted out of earshot of correctional officers, and the disclosure of protected health information should be limited to situations that directly impact the health and safety of other inmates and/or correctional staff.[51]. Criminologists Richard Hawkins and Geoffrey Alpert identified four general ways in which correctional officers respond to their jobs. Medical evaluation including staging of HIV and diagnosis of comorbidities and opportunistic infections. For this analysis, undetectable HIV RNA was defined as HIV RNA level of less than 500 copies/mL. The beliefs, values and behaviors of staff that differ greatly from those of the inmates are called____________. [1], At any point in time, about twice as many persons are incarcerated in prisons in the United States than in jails (Figure 1), but over the course of a year the number of individuals incarcerated in the jail system far exceeds those incarcerated in prisons (Figure 2); this difference over a year results from the low turnover rates in prisons (longer stays and infrequent releases) versus high turnover rates in jails (shorter stays and frequent releases). [2,7,8] The prevalence of HIV among inmates in state prisons varies significantly by geographic region, with New York, Louisiana, and Florida having the highest prevalence (3.0% or greater) (Figure 10). The case of Gates v. Rowland dealt with the issue of? At year-end 2014, 1 in _____ adults in the United States was under community supervision. [47] Jails and temporary detention settings pose the most challenges in terms of accessing antiretroviral therapy.
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